1.
Fagerlönn, Johan, et al.
(author)
Auditory signs to support traffic awareness
2010
In: IET Intelligent Transport Systems. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 1751-956X .- 1751-9578. ; 4:4, s. 262-269
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
In-vehicle information systems (IVIS) may contribute to increased levels of cognitive workload, which in turn can lead to a more dangerous driving behaviour. An experiment was conducted to examine the use of auditory signs to support drivers' traffic situation awareness. Eighteen experienced truck drivers identified traffic situations based on information conveyed by brief sounds. Aspects of learning, cognitive demand and pleasantness were monitored and rated by the drivers. Differences in cognitive effort was estimated using a dual-task set-up, in which drivers responded to auditory signs while simultaneously performing a simulated driving task. As expected, arbitrary sounds required significantly longer learning times compared to sounds that have a natural meaning in the driving context. The arbitrary sounds also resulted in a significant degradation in response performance, even after the drivers got a chance to learn the sounds. Finally, the results indicate that the use of arbitrary sounds can negatively impact driver satisfaction. These results have implications for a broad range of developing intelligent transport systems designed to assist drivers in absence of fundamental visual information or in visually demanding traffic situations.
2.
Alm, Håkan, et al.
(author)
The alarm system and a possible way forward
2012
In: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41:Suppl. 1, s. 2840-2844
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
The aim of this paper is to make a review of studies concerning problems with alarm systems and to make a theoretical analysis of these problems. The aim is also to show some general design ideas to improve alarm presentation in process descriptions. Using research results from situation awareness and decision making a number of suggestions for further development of alarm systems are presented. Recommendations include providing operators of complex systems feedback that can support their mental models and situational awareness. Furthermore a recommendation is to design alarm systems that can learn from experience.
3.
Alm, Håkan, et al.
(author)
The alarm system and a possible way forward
2012
In: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41:Supplement 1/ 2012, s. 2840-2844
Conference paper (peer-reviewed) abstract
The aim of this paper is to make a review of studies concerning problems with alarm systems and to make a theoretical analysis of these problems. The aim is also to show some general design ideas to improve alarm presentation in process descriptions. Using research results from situation awareness and decision making a number of suggestions for further development of alarm systems are presented. Recommendations include providing operators of complex systems feedback that can support their mental models and situational awareness. Furthermore a recommendation is to design alarm systems that can learn from experience.
4.
Osvalder, Anna-Lisa, 1961, et al.
(author)
Human-Machine Systems
2018
In: Handbook of Safety Principles. - 9781118950692 ; , s. 305-330
Book chapter (other academic/artistic) abstract
Process control has changed dramatically after the industrial revolution. Processes have today become more and more complex and impossible to perceive directly. The increased complexity has implications for how the interfaces between the process to be controlled and the operators should be designed. To design the user interfaces in an optimal way it is important to understand the behavior of complex systems and the necessary conditions that must be fulfilled to achieve control of the system. The demands on the operators’ cognitive resources and factors that affect these resources, e.g. stress, motivation and fatigue, are of vital importance as well as the impact of the physical and social environment. Of importance are also different strategies that can be used to control complexity. The aim of this chapter is to discuss and suggest some tentative answers to the question on how to improve operator’s chances to control complex human machine systems.
